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Physics HL Paper 1B (May 2025, TZ2)

  1. The equation PV=NkBTPV = Nk_BT describes the behaviour of an ideal gas.
    A student tests a fixed mass of gas to confirm that, for a constant temperature, PV=KPV = K where KK is a constant.

The student does this by making measurements of PP and VV.

Five sets of data for this experiment are shown in the table. Four processed values of 1V\dfrac{1}{V} are also shown.

P / kPaP\ /\ \text{kPa}V / 105 m3V\ /\ 10^{-5}\ \text{m}^31V / 104 m3\dfrac{1}{V}\ /\ 10^4\ \text{m}^{-3}
1171.377.30
1101.427.04
1031.54
941.705.88
901.775.65

The variation of PP with 1V\dfrac{1}{V} is shown for four data points in a graph. The graph displays P×104 PaP \times 10^4\ \text{Pa} on the y‑axis (ranging from 8.5 to 12.0) against 1V×104 m3\dfrac{1}{V} \times 10^4\ \text{m}^{-3} on the x‑axis (ranging from 5.6 to 7.4). Four data points are plotted at coordinates approximately (5.6, 9.0), (5.9, 9.4), (7.05, 11.0) and (7.3, 11.7).

Figure region page 6
Figure region from page 6

(a) (i) Plot the missing data point on the graph. [1]

(ii) Draw the best‑fit line on the graph. [1]

(iii) Explain how the student can use the graph to decide whether the data support the relationship PV=KPV = K. [3]

(b) (i) Determine KK. [2]

(ii) State an appropriate SI unit for KK. [1]

(c) The laboratory is at a constant temperature of 291 K291\ \text{K}.
Determine the number of molecules in the fixed mass of gas. [1]