- Adaptive immunity leads to cells that are infected by viruses being killed, resulting in immune memory which is the basis of vaccination.
(a) Distinguish between innate and adaptive immune response. [1]
graph showing magnitude of T‑cell and antibody responses over time after primary infection/vaccination and after secondary infection
(b) Explain reasons that the T‑cells peak before the antibodies after primary infection or vaccination, but T‑cells peak at the same time as the antibodies after secondary infection or primary infection following vaccination. [2]
(c) Different types of vaccine are used to prevent viral diseases. Justify this statement in terms of the structure of viruses. [2]