9

Biology HL Paper 2 (May 2025, TZ2)

  1. Evolution is the change in the heritable characteristics of a population.

(a) Describe the evidence for evolution from homologous structures. [4]

(b) Outline the conditions needed and the use of the Hardy–Weinberg equation to calculate allele frequencies in a population. [3]

(c) Explain how evolutionary relationships and cladograms can be used for classification. [8]