IB Chemistry HL S1.1 Introduction to the particulate nature of matter questions

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Question 1

Multiple choiceEasy1 mark

Two samples of the same gas are at 20.0 °C and 40.0 °C. Which value is closest to the ratio of the average kinetic energy per particle at 40.0 °C to that at 20.0 °C?

Show answer and explanation

Answer: C. For the same gas, average kinetic energy per particle is proportional to temperature in kelvin. Converting gives 293.15 K and 313.15 K, so the ratio is 313.15/293.15 = 1.07.

A: calculates the fractional increase, 20/293.15 ≈ 0.07, rather than the final ratio.
B: reverses the ratio, using 293.15/313.15 ≈ 0.94.
D: uses the Celsius readings directly, giving 40.0/20.0 = 2.00.

Remember: use kelvin values when forming a ratio of temperatures.

Question 2

Paper 2Medium6 marks

A laboratory has several batches of a dry solid containing crystalline sulfur and sodium chloride. The relative amounts of the two substances vary between batches. Sodium chloride dissolves in water, whereas sulfur does not. A student wants to obtain dry sodium chloride from one batch.

(a)

Classify each of sulfur and sodium chloride as an element, compound or mixture.

[2]
(b)

State one feature, other than the variable proportions, that distinguishes this sample from a compound.

[1]
(c)

Outline a sequence of steps to obtain dry sodium chloride from the sample.

[3]

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