IB Chemistry HL Structure 3: Classification of matter questions

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Question 1

Multiple choiceMedium1 mark

In a simulation, bromine water is added separately to aqueous potassium chloride and potassium iodide. Which prediction follows from the Group 17 trend in non-metallic character?

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Answer: A. Non-metallic character and halogen reactivity decrease down Group 17. Thus, Cl₂ is more reactive than Br₂, while Br₂ is more reactive than I₂. Bromine cannot displace Cl⁻ but can displace I⁻, forming Br⁻ and I₂.

B: Reversing the reactivity order makes Br₂ appear able to displace Cl⁻ but not I⁻. C: Correctly predicts iodide displacement but wrongly extends it to chloride, whose halogen is more reactive. D: Fails to apply the reactivity comparison to iodide; Br₂ displaces I⁻. Remember: A halogen displaces the halide of a less reactive halogen.

Question 2

Paper 2Medium6 marks

Two organic compounds, P and Q, are represented by skeletal formulas in Figure 1.

OHPOQ
(a)

State the functional group present in each of P and Q.

[2]
(b)

Determine the molecular formula shared by P and Q.

[1]
(c)

Use Figure 1 and your answer to (b).

(i)

State whether P and Q are saturated or unsaturated.

[1]
(ii)

A student argues that P and Q must belong to the same class of organic compounds because they have the same molecular formula. Explain why this conclusion is not justified.

[2]

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