IB Chemistry SL S1.5 Ideal gases questions

Exam-style multiple choice and written questions with full markschemes. Check multiple choice answers straight away, or type, photograph or draw a written answer and get it marked.

Question 1

Paper 2Hard12 marks

A laboratory is checking whether the ideal-gas model gives reliable volume estimates for gases in a transfer line. Samples of carbon dioxide and methane are measured at 280 K280\ \mathrm{K} The table gives their measured molar volumes and the ideal-gas molar volume at each pressure.

OCOCarbon dioxideHCHHHMethane
Pressure / barIdeal-gas molar volume / dm³ mol⁻¹Measured CO₂ molar volume / dm³ mol⁻¹Measured CH₄ molar volume / dm³ mol⁻¹
1.0023.323.123.2
5.004.664.544.63
10.02.332.142.29
20.01.160.941.11
(a)

Use Figure 1 to determine the molecular formula of each gas.

[2]
(b)

For an ideal-gas sample of 1.00 mol1.00\ \mathrm{mol} at 280 K280\ \mathrm{K} and 20.0 bar20.0\ \mathrm{bar} calculate the molar volume. Give your answer in dm3 mol−1\mathrm{dm^3\,mol^{-1}} to three significant figures. Use the ideal gas equation in the data booklet.

[2]
(c)

At 1.00 bar1.00\ \mathrm{bar} compare the measured molar volume of each gas with the ideal-gas value.

[2]
(d)

Explain why real gases are more likely to deviate from the ideal-gas model at low temperature and high pressure.

[2]
(e)

A technician argues that the ideal-gas model is equally reliable for carbon dioxide and methane at 280 K280\ \mathrm{K} and 20.0 bar20.0\ \mathrm{bar} because the ideal molar volume is the same for both gases. Evaluate this argument using the table and Figure 1.

[4]