Question 1
Multiple choiceMedium1 markA source emits light at a frequency of in its own rest frame. The source and observer move as shown in Fig. 1 at constant speeds, both much less than What frequency is measured by the observer?
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Answer: B. The source and observer move in the same direction, but the source is faster, so it approaches the observer at a relative speed of The wavefronts are encountered more frequently, giving a fractional frequency increase of Thus
A: Uses the observer’s speed alone, predicting a decrease in frequency.
C: Uses the source’s speed alone and ignores the observer’s motion.
D: Adds the speeds despite their being in the same direction, giving a fractional increase of
Remember: for motion in the same direction, the relative speed is the difference between the speeds.