Question 1
Paper 2Medium16 marksA field team records three consecutive dive cycles of a bottlenose dolphin. Each cycle consists of one dive followed by a surface interval. No breaths are observed during dives; at least one breath is observed during each surface interval.
| Dive cycle | Time underwater / min | Surface interval for breathing / min |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.0 | 0.5 |
| 2 | 5.0 | 0.5 |
| 3 | 3.0 | 0.5 |
(a)[2]
Describe the pattern in the timing of the dives and surface intervals, using data from the table.
(b)[3]
Calculate the percentage of the total observation time that the dolphin spends underwater.
(c)[6]
Explain how the dolphin’s body shape, limbs and tail are adapted for swimming. Include the direction of tail movement.
(d)[5]
Explain how airway adaptations allow the dolphin to breathe in the pattern recorded.