IB Biology SL B1.1 Carbohydrates and lipids questions

Exam-style multiple choice and written questions with full markschemes. Check multiple choice answers straight away, or type, photograph or draw a written answer and get it marked.

Question 1

Multiple choiceHard1 mark

A plant cell stores starch as represented in the figure. Each hexagon represents one α-glucose monomer; the diagram is schematic and not to scale. Which description correctly identifies P and Q and the structural basis of starch’s storage properties?

α-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucose monomersPQα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucosestarch polymerα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucoseα-glucose monomers
Show answer and explanation

Answer: C. In the figure, P joins separate α-glucose monomers into a starch polymer, while Q separates the polymer into monomers. Joining monomers by condensation releases water; hydrolysis uses water to break the polymer apart. Coiling and branching make the polymer compact, while its large molecular size makes it relatively insoluble.

A: reverses the direction of the two processes, so it assigns polymer breakdown to P and polymer building to Q.
B: identifies the processes correctly but reverses their water balance.
D: swaps the structural explanations: coiling and branching account for compactness, while large molecular size accounts for relative insolubility.

Remember: condensation builds glucose polymers and releases water; hydrolysis breaks them down and uses water.