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Biology HL

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Chapter 8: Physiology

Build a connected account of multicellular organization, animal and plant transport, gas exchange, reproduction and homeostasis through structure, gradients and feedback.

Estimated chapter time: 1060 minutes

IB syllabus: B3.1 · B3.2 · D3.1 · D3.3 · SL and HL

Chapter Topics

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  1. 1How to Read This Physiology Chapter
    1. 1.1Physiology as integration
    2. 1.2Three system questions
    3. 1.3Comparison discipline
  2. 2Organ systems and integration
    1. 2.1Adhesion and emergence
    2. 2.2Differentiation and apoptosis
    3. 2.3Stem-cell potency
    4. 2.4Multicellularity tradeoffs
  3. 3Animal transport
    1. 3.1Circulation and heart
    2. 3.2Cardiac cycle
    3. 3.3Vessel structure
    4. 3.4Distribution and lymph
  4. 4Plant transport
    1. 4.1Root uptake
    2. 4.2Xylem and transpiration
    3. 4.3Phloem translocation
  5. 5Gas exchange
    1. 5.1Exchange surface principles
    2. 5.2Ventilation and control
    3. 5.3Hemoglobin transport
    4. 5.4Plant gas exchange
  6. 6Human reproduction
    1. 6.1Sexual and asexual reproduction
    2. 6.2Menstrual cycle
    3. 6.3Fertilization and implantation
    4. 6.4Pregnancy, birth and puberty
    5. 6.5Assisted reproduction
  7. 7Plant reproduction
    1. 7.1Flower and pollination
    2. 7.2Avoiding self-pollination
    3. 7.3Seed germination
  8. 8Homeostasis and the kidney
    1. 8.1Homeostasis and feedback
    2. 8.2Filtration and reabsorption
    3. 8.3Loop of Henle
    4. 8.4ADH and osmoregulation
    5. 8.5Cardiovascular feedback
  9. 9Integrated physiology
    1. 9.1Exercise integration
    2. 9.2Causal-chain method

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