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Physics HL

Chapter 14: Wave Phenomena

Master reflection, refraction, superposition, diffraction, and interference from wavefront geometry to slit and grating equations.

Estimated chapter time: 196 minutes

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  1. 1How to Read This Wave Phenomena Chapter
    1. 1.1Why This Chapter Matters
    2. 1.2Learning Targets
    3. 1.3How to Work This Chapter Efficiently
  2. 214.1 Reflection, Refraction, Wavefronts, and Rays
    1. 2.1Wavefronts and Rays as Complementary Models
    2. 2.2Reflection Law and Surface Conditions
    3. 2.3Refraction and Why Frequency Stays Constant
    4. 2.4Critical Angle and Total Internal Reflection
  3. 314.2 The Principle of Superposition
    1. 3.1Superposition as a Local Rule
    2. 3.2Constructive and Destructive Overlap
    3. 3.3Reflection of Pulses at Fixed and Free Ends
  4. 414.3 Diffraction and Interference
    1. 4.1Diffraction as Aperture-Scale Spreading
    2. 4.2Path Difference and Interference Conditions
    3. 4.3Young Two-Slit Geometry
  5. 514.4 Single-Slit Diffraction (AHL)
    1. 5.1From Huygens Construction to Minima
    2. 5.2Central Maximum Width and Parameter Sensitivity
    3. 5.3How Single-Slit Diffraction Modulates Two-Slit Interference
  6. 614.5 Multiple Slits and Diffraction Gratings (AHL)
    1. 6.1From Two Slits to Many Slits
    2. 6.2Grating Equation and Order Structure
    3. 6.3Resolution and Order Overlap
  7. 7Chapter 14 Wrap-Up
    1. 7.1Exam Workflow for Wave-Phenomena Questions

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